![]() ![]() Pain- irritation of nerve ending and pressure of fluid in tissues. Swelling- fluid exudation into tissue, injury causes tissue necrosis-body releases histamine, bradykinin, prostaglandin, and serotonin- theses increase permeability of small blood vessels- fluid, protein and cells enter interstitial spaces- localized swelling (edema) ![]() Heat-(vasodilation) blood vessels closer to the skin. vascular response redness- (hyperemia) from vasodilation, arterioles dilate, allows more blood into the local circulation. Vascular reaction that delivers fluid, blood products, and nutrients to an area of injuryĮstablishes a means of repairing body cells and tissues Symptoms of localized inflammationġ. subacute inflammation like acute but lasts longer chronic inflammation weeks, months years Inflammation "protective responses of body tissues to irritation and injury" inflammation nonspecific immune response that occurs in reaction to any type of bodily injury.Īcute, subacute, chronic acute inflammation healing occurs within a week or two. Length of recovery depends on severity of infection and patients post resistance, recovery may take days to months Defenses against infection normal floras- GI and GU tract participate in maintaining health. mumps is manifested by high fever, parotid and salivary gland swelling Convalescence 4. strep throat is manifested by a sore throat, pain and swelling Patient manifests or starts to display signs and symptoms specific to the type of infection To more specific symptoms, during this time microorganisms grow and multiply and the patient may be capable of spreading disease to others. ![]() Interval from onset of nonspecific signs and symptoms Interval between entrance when the pathogen enters the body and the appearance of the first symptom. Persons natural defenses against infection and certain risk factors such as age, nutritional status, presence of chronic disease, trauma, smoking, affects persons susceptibility or resistance. Susceptible Host susceptibility to an infectious agent depends upon the individuals degree of resistance to pathogens. Port of entry to a host organisms enter the body though the same routes that they use to exit.īlood, skin, mucous membranes, respiratory tract, GU tract, GI tract, pregnancy. Port of Exit from reservoir after they find a reservoir, must exit : blood, skin, mucous membranes, respiratory tract, GU tract, GI tract, pregnancy. Reservoir Place where organisms survive, multiply and wait for transfer to a susceptible host. Transient flora attaches to skin during person to person or object. Susceptible host Pathogen (infectious agent) microorganism, bacteria, virus, fungus, protozoa, Reservoir source for pathogen to grow Microorganisms on the skin are either Resident or transient flora Resident or Normal flora live and survive on our skin constantly, not virulent, however they can cause serious infections. saves lives Infection presence and growth of a microorganism that produces tissue damage Chain of infection -Pathogen (infectious agent) prevent putting the patient at risk for infection Purpose of surgical asepsis -To eliminate all microorganisms, including pathogens and spores from an object or area. when pouring a sterile solution pour a little out first.ĭon't pour liquid on the side with the label. THE EDGES OF A STERILE FIELD OR CONTAINER ARE CONSIDERED CONTAMINATED. FLUID FLOWS IN THE DIRECTION OF GRAVITYħ. WHEN A STERILE SURFACE COMES IN CONTACT WITH A WET CONTAMINATED SURFACE, THE STERILE OBJECT OR FIELD BECOMES CONTAMINATED BY CAPILLARY ACTION.Ħ. ![]() A STERILE OBJECT OR FIELD BECOMES CONTAMINATED BY PROLONGED TO EXPOSURE TO AIR.ĥ. A STERILE OBJECT OR FIELD OUT OF RANGE OF VISION OR AN OBJECT HELD BELOW A PERSONS WAIST IS CONTAMINATEDĤ. ONLY STERILE OBJECTS MAY BE PLACED ON A STERILE FIELD.ģ. A STERILE OBJECT REMAINS STERILE ONLY WHEN TOUCHED BY ANOTHER STERILE OBJECT.Ģ. ![]()
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